[Dec-2023 Newly Released] Pass PSPO-I Exam - Real Questions and Answers
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NEW QUESTION # 57
In order to maximize the value of the product, a Product Owner needs awareness of the following: (choose the best answer)
- A. All of the above.
- B. Product vision.
- C. Forecasting & feasibility.
- D. None of the above.
- E. Competitive research.
- F. Customer feedback.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
In order to maximize the value of the product, a Product Owner needs awareness of the following:
Competitive research. The Product Owner should be aware of the competitive landscape and the market trends that affect the product. They should know who are the competitors, what are their strengths and weaknesses, how do they differentiate themselves, and what are their strategies and goals. This can help the Product Owner to identify opportunities, threats, and gaps in the market, and to position the product accordingly.
Customer feedback. The Product Owner should be aware of the customer needs, preferences, expectations, and satisfaction with the product. They should collect and analyze feedback from various sources, such as surveys, interviews, reviews, analytics, etc. This can help the Product Owner to validate assumptions, test hypotheses, measure outcomes, and discover insights that can inform the product decisions and priorities.
Product vision. The Product Owner should be aware of the product vision, which is a clear and compelling statement of the desired future state of the product. The product vision describes the purpose, value proposition, target audience, and key features of the product. It also aligns with the organizational vision and mission. This can help the Product Owner to communicate and inspire the stakeholders, to guide and focus the Scrum Team, and to evaluate and adjust the product direction.
Forecasting & feasibility. The Product Owner should be aware of the forecasting and feasibility of the product. They should estimate and plan the scope, time, cost, quality, and risk of delivering the product.
They should also assess the technical, operational, legal, ethical, and social feasibility of developing and releasing the product. This can help the Product Owner to optimize the value of the work of the Scrum Team, to manage expectations and dependencies, and to handle uncertainties and changes.
References:
Scrum Guide 2020, page 6: "The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team." Scrum Guide 2020, page 11: "The Product Goal describes a future state of the product which can serve as a target for the Scrum Team to plan against." Scrum Guide 2020, page 11: "The Product Owner is accountable for effective Product Backlog management, which includes ... optimizing the value of the work the Scrum Team performs."
NEW QUESTION # 58
Which two of the following are correct about the Scrum Master accountability (role = outdated term)?
- A. The Scrum Master removes impediments.
- B. The Scrum Master runs the Daily Scrum.
- C. The Scrum Master decides the number of items for the upcoming Sprint.
- D. Prioritizes tasks in the Sprint Backlog.
- E. The Scrum Master facilitates the meetings as required or requested.
Answer: A,E
NEW QUESTION # 59
During the Sprint Retrospective a Scrum Team has identified several high priority process improvements. Which of the following statements is most accurate?
(choose the best answer)
- A. The Scrum Team may add the items to the Sprint Backlog for the next Sprint.
- B. The Scrum Team should choose at least one high priority process improvement to place in the Product Backlog.
- C. The Scrum Master selects the most important process improvement and places it in the Sprint Backlog
- D. The Scrum Team should decline to add a process improvement to the Sprint Backlog when things are running smoothly.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The Scrum Guide states that "By the end of the Sprint Retrospective, the Scrum Team should have identified improvements that it will implement in the next Sprint. Implementing these improvements in the next Sprint is the adaptation to the inspection of the Scrum Team itself."1 This means that the Scrum Team may add the high priority process improvements to the Sprint Backlog for the next Sprint, as part of their plan to deliver the Increment and achieve the Sprint Goal. The Sprint Backlog is owned and managed by the Developers, who can update it throughout the Sprint as more is learned.1 References:
1: The Scrum Guide2, page 16
2: The Scrum Guide
NEW QUESTION # 60
How much work is required of the Developers to complete a Product Backlog item selected during the Sprint Planning?
(choose the best answer)
- A. As much as is required to meet the Scrum Team's Definition of Done.
- B. As much as they can fit into the Sprint, with remaining work deferred to the next Sprint.
- C. All development work and at least some testing.
- D. A proportional amount of time on analysis, design, development, and testing.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
* The Developers are the people in the Scrum Team who are accountable for creating a "Done" Increment that meets the Definition of Done each Sprint. The Developers are responsible for planning and executing the Sprint Backlog, designing and building the product functionality, testing and improving the product quality, and delivering a potentially releasable Increment. The Developers work closely with the Product Owner to understand and clarify the Product Backlog items, provide feedback and estimates, and suggest improvements and innovations.
* The Definition of Done is a formal description of the state of the Increment when it meets the quality
* measures required for the product. The Definition of Done is used to assess when work is complete on the product Increment.
* The amount of work required of the Developers to complete a Product Backlog item selected during the Sprint Planning depends on the Definition of Done. The Definition of Done may vary from one Scrum Team to another, depending on the context and domain of work. However, it must be consistent within one team. If there are multiple Scrum Teams working on one product, they must share a common Definition of Done. If there is an organizational standard for a Definition of Done, all Scrum Teams must follow it as a minimum.
* The Developers must ensure that each Product Backlog item they complete during a Sprint meets the Definition of Done. This means that they must perform all the necessary tasks and activities to deliver a high-quality product functionality that is usable, valuable, and potentially releasable. This may include analysis, design, development, testing, documentation, integration, deployment, or any other aspects that contribute to the quality and usability of the product.
* The other options are not valid or relevant measures for the amount of work required of the Developers to complete a Product Backlog item. They are either too vague, arbitrary, or unrealistic. They are:
* As much as they can fit into the Sprint, with remaining work deferred to the next Sprint: This is a too vague and unrealistic measure for the amount of work required of the Developers. It does not account for the quality or value of the product functionality delivered. It also does not respect the timebox or scope of the Sprint. It may lead to incomplete or unfinished work, technical debt, or scope creep.
* All development work and at least some testing: This is a too arbitrary and insufficient measure for the amount of work required of the Developers. It does not account for the quality or value of the product functionality delivered. It also does not respect the Definition of Done or the potentially releasable nature of the Increment. It may lead to low-quality or unusable work, defects, or rework.
* A proportional amount of time on analysis, design, development, and testing: This is a too restrictive and prescriptive measure for the amount of work required of the Developers. It does not account for the complexity or variability of the product functionality delivered. It also does not respect the self-organization or cross-functionality of the Developers. It may lead to over-engineering or waste.
References:
* Scrum Guide: https://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html
* Definition of Done: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-definition-of-done
* Developers: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-developer-in-scrum
NEW QUESTION # 61
Which of the following might the Scrum Team discuss during a Sprint Retrospective?
(choose the best answer)
- A. All of the above.
- B. The Definition of Done.
- C. Methods of communication.
- D. The way the Scrum Team does Sprint Planning.
- E. Skills needed to improve the Developers ability to deliver.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Scrum
During the Sprint Retrospective, the Scrum Team discusses how the last Sprint went with regards to individuals, interactions, processes, tools, and their Definition of Done123. This includes methods of communication, the way the Scrum Team does Sprint Planning, skills needed to improve the Developers' ability to deliver, and the Definition of Done123.
NEW QUESTION # 62
Sprints are fixed length events of one month or less to create consistency.
- A. YES
- B. NO
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 63
Which are characteristics of the Daily Scrum?
(choose the best two answers)
- A. It consists of the Scrum Master asking the team for status.
- B. It is facilitated by the team lead.
- C. Its purpose is to inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and adapt the Sprint Backlog.
- D. Its location and time remain constant.
- E. It is held first thing in the morning.
- F. It is free form and designed to promote conversation.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
Scrum
the Daily Scrum is a 15-minute event for the Developers of the Scrum Team that is held at the same time and place every working day of the Sprint. The purpose of the Daily Scrum is to inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and adapt the Sprint Backlog as necessary, adjusting the upcoming planned work1. The other options are not characteristics of the Daily Scrum, as it is not facilitated by the team lead, it does not consist of the Scrum Master asking the team for status, it is not held first thing in the morning, and it is not free form and designed to promote conversation234.
1: What is a Daily Scrum? | Scrum.org 2: What Is the Daily Scrum? | A Guide to the Daily Event - Scrum Alliance 3: What is Daily Scrum? | VivifyScrum 4: Daily Scrum | Definition and Overview - ProductPlan
NEW QUESTION # 64
Which of the following describes best the Sprint Review?
- A. It is a meeting for the inspection of the Increment and to collect feedback.
- B. It is a formal meeting to receive the approval for the work that was done.
- C. It is a meeting to do the controlling and evaluation in regards to the developers work.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 65
The Sprint Goal is created during the Sprint Retrospective and then added to the Sprint Backlog.
- A. FALSE
- B. TRUE
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 66
What three things might a Scrum Product Owner focus on to ensure the product delivers value?
(choose the best three answers)
- A. Direct customer feedback.
- B. How quickly or easily the product can be absorbed and used by its customers.
- C. Velocity is increasing over time.
- D. How much of the functionality of the product is being used.
- E. Minimizing changes to project scope.
Answer: A,B,D
Explanation:
Explanation
The Product Owner is accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the work of the Scrum Team. The Product Owner is responsible for managing and refining the Product Backlog, collaborating with the stakeholders and the Developers, and ordering the items in a way that best achieves goals and missions. The Product Owner represents the interests of everyone with a stake in the product and ensures that the Scrum Team works on the right things at the right time.
To ensure that the product delivers value, a Scrum Product Owner might focus on the following aspects:
How much of the functionality of the product is being used: This is an indicator of how well the product meets or exceeds the needs and expectations of the customers and users. It can also reveal which features or functions are more or less valuable or useful for them. The Product Owner can use various methods or metrics to measure the usage of the product functionality, such as analytics, user behavior, retention, or engagement.
Direct customer feedback: This is a source of valuable input and insights from the people who use or benefit from the product. It can also help to validate or invalidate assumptions or hypotheses about the product value and quality. The Product Owner can use various methods or channels to collect and incorporate customer feedback, such as surveys, ratings, reviews, interviews, focus groups, or social media.
How quickly or easily the product can be absorbed and used by its customers: This is a measure of how well the product delivers value to customers or users in a timely and convenient manner. It can also affect customer satisfaction and loyalty. The Product Owner can use various methods or metrics to measure the ease of use or adoption of the product, such as time to value, learning curve, usability testing, or net promoter score (NPS).
The other options are not valid or relevant aspects that a Scrum Product Owner might focus on to ensure that the product delivers value. They are either too narrow, unrealistic, or unrelated to the product value delivery. They are:
Velocity is increasing over time: This is not a valid aspect that a Scrum Product Owner might focus on to ensure that the product delivers value. Velocity is a measure of how much work a Scrum Team can deliver in a Sprint. It is not a measure of value or quality. It is also not a goal or target for improvement. It is only a planning tool that helps the Scrum Team forecast their future work based on their past performance. Focusing on increasing velocity over time may lead to unrealistic expectations, pressure, or compromise on quality.
Minimizing changes to project scope: This is not a valid aspect that a Scrum Product Owner might focus on to ensure that the product delivers value. Scrum is an agile framework that embraces change as an opportunity for delivering more value to customers and users. Scrum does not have a fixed project scope, but rather an adaptive Product Backlog that evolves as the product and the market change. The Product Owner should welcome and respond to changes in customer needs and expectations, rather than resist or avoid them.
References:
Scrum Guide: https://www.scrumguides.org/scrum-guide.html
Product Owner: https://www.scrum.org/resources/what-is-a-product-owner
Value: https://www.scrum.org/resources/blog/value-scrum-value
Velocity: https://www.agilealliance.org/glossary/velocity
NEW QUESTION # 67
Which two things should the Scrum Team do during the first Sprint?
(choose the best two answers)
- A. Define the major product features and a release plan architecture.
- B. Make up a plan for the rest of the project.
- C. Create at least one valuable, useful Increment.
- D. Build at least one piece of valuable functionality.
- E. Analyze, describe, and document the requirements for the subsequent Sprints.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
Explanation
the first Sprint is the same as any other Sprint, and the Scrum Team should deliver a potentially releasable Increment of "Done" product at its conclusion. This means that the team should build at least one piece of valuable functionality that meets the Definition of Done and aligns with the Sprint Goal. The other options are not things that the Scrum Team should do during the first Sprint, as they are either too detailed, too vague, or too long-term for the Scrum framework. The Scrum Team should not make up a plan for the rest of the project, as Scrum is an empirical process that adapts to changing requirements and feedback1. The Scrum Team should not define the major product features and a release plan architecture, as these are the responsibilities of the Product Owner, who should have a vision and a roadmap for the product2. The Scrum Team should not analyze, describe, and document the requirements for the subsequent Sprints, as this would violate the principle of emergent design and just-in-time planning3.
1: The Scrum Guide | Scrum.org 2: What is a Product Owner? | Scrum.org 3: Emergent Design and Just-in-Time Planning | Scrum.org
NEW QUESTION # 68
Who "owns" the Product Backlog?
- A. The Product Owner
- B. The Developers
- C. The Scrum Master
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 69
Each artifact contains a commitment. For the Increment it is the Definition of Ready.
- A. FALSE
- B. TRUE
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 70
Product Backlog management can be done by a Scrum Master.
- A. FALSE
- B. TRUE
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 71
It is allowed that the Scrum Team may also invite other people to attend Sprint Planning to provide advice.
- A. FALSE
- B. TRUE
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 72
What is the timebox for the Sprint Review?
(choose the best answer)
- A. 4 hours for a one-month Sprint.
- B. 1 day.
- C. 2 hours for a one-month Sprint.
- D. As long as needed.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The timebox for the Sprint Review is four hours for a one-month Sprint. This is because:
* The Sprint Review is an event where the Scrum Team and stakeholders inspect the Increment and adapt the Product Backlog if needed. The purpose of the Sprint Review is to elicit feedback and foster collaboration.
* The timebox for each Scrum event is proportional to its frequency and duration. A one-month Sprint corresponds to a maximum calendar month.
* The timebox for a one-month Sprint Review is four hours. For shorter Sprints, it is usually shorter.
* The timebox ensures that there is enough time to inspect what has been done in relation to what could be done next and make any necessary adaptations to optimize value.
Other options, such as two hours for a one-month Sprint, one day, or as long as needed, are not valid answers as they do not reflect the correct timebox for the Sprint Review.
References:
* [Scrum Guide], page 17, section "Sprint Review"
* [Scrum Guide], page 9, section "Sprint"
* [Scrum Guide], page 9, section "Timeboxing Scrum Events"
NEW QUESTION # 73
The timebox for a Daily Scrum is?
(choose the best answer)
- A. 4 hours.
- B. Two minutes per person.
- C. The same time of day every day.
- D. 15 minutes.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The Scrum Guide states that "The Daily Scrum is a 15-minute time-boxed event for the Development Team to synchronize activities and create a plan for the next 24 hours."1 The Daily Scrum is a quick and simple planning meeting designed to keep everyone in the loop with how other team members are getting on. It ensures that team members are fully aligned with each other and on track to hit the Sprint Goal.
References:
1: The Scrum Guide2, page 11
2: The Scrum Guide
NEW QUESTION # 74
True or False: Product Owners must specify complete acceptance criteria for a Product Backlog item before the Developers can select the item in Sprint Planning.
- A. False
- B. True
Answer: A
Explanation:
* False: Product Owners do not have to specify complete acceptance criteria for a Product Backlog item before the Developers can select the item in Sprint Planning.
* Acceptance criteria are a set of conditions that a Product Backlog item must satisfy to be considered
"Done" and acceptable for delivery.
* Acceptance criteria are not mandatory in Scrum, but they can help the Product Owner and the Developers to clarify the expectations and requirements of a Product Backlog item.
* Acceptance criteria can be added or refined by the Product Owner at any time, but they should be clear and testable before the Sprint starts.
* The Developers can select a Product Backlog item in Sprint Planning based on their understanding of its value, scope, and complexity, as well as their capacity and skills. They can also collaborate with the Product Owner to define or refine the acceptance criteria during Sprint Planning. References: Scrum Guide, Section 3.4 (The Product Backlog), Section 5.1 (Sprint Planning), and Section 6.4 (The Increment)
NEW QUESTION # 75
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